Rather than的用法 想要用英语表达“我宁愿做……也不要做……”要怎么说呢?你一定会说,那不就是rather than嘛!但是rather than在不同语境中,可是有不同含义和用法的,仅仅知道它的一个意思的话,你的英语水平可不够哦!下面我们就来看看rather than的不同用法吧! 用法1 would rather +动词原形than +动词原形,意思是“宁愿……不愿意……” I’d rather die than apologize to Helen. =我宁愿死也不要和Helen道歉。 用法2 rather than +动词原形,意思是“instead of”(是……而不是) Bryson decided to quit rather than accept the new rules. =Bryson决定退出,而不接受新的游戏规则。 用法3 rather +名词 than +名词,意思是“要……而不要” I think you’d rather call it a lecture rather than a talk. =我觉得你最好称它为讲座还不是谈话。 What I want is an iPhone rather than a Google phone. =我想要的是一个爱疯,而不是一个谷歌手机。 用法4 rather you/him/her/them than me “还好不是我!” Rather you than me的是在表示怜悯、同情的时候说的,一起抱怨事情不顺利。 这是一个地道的英语习语,让我们通过一个上下文来看看到底是什么意思。 A: Sam, I hear you’re off to Paris next week. B: Yeah Tim, I’ve got a meeting there Friday afternoon, but then I’ve got to fly straight back to Shanghai for another meeting on Sunday. A: Rather you than me. A:Sam,我听说下周要去巴黎了。 B:是的Tim。我周五在哪里有个会议,但是我要马上飞回上海,因为周日还有另一个会议。 A:还好不是我。 以上就是rather than的用法了,把所有的rather than用法归归类你是不是清楚多了呢?
形容词比较等级的形式 (1) 规则形式 一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如: great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest important-more important-(the)most important (2) 不规则形式 good (well)-better-best bad (ill)-worse-worst many (much)-more-most little-less-least (3) 形容词比较等级的用法 ①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如: He is cleverer than the other boys. This one is more beautiful than that one. ②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如: He is the cleverest boy in his class. ③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如: He is as tall as I. I have as many books as you. ④ 越… 越… 例如:The more I learn, the happier I am. ⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好 又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly. 你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。 ⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day. 那一天是最令我担心的一天。 I have never had a better dinner. 这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。 ⑦ My English is no better than yours. 我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。
部分倒装 (1)so, neither, nor置于句首说明与前者情况一致时,如, I like swimming, so does my brother. (2)only +状语放在句首,如,Only through this method can we win. Only in this way can we do the work well. (3)含有否定意义的词置于句首,如,Hardly, scarcely, not, seldom, no sooner, never, little, at no time, in no way, no more等,如,Never had I heard that. Little did I know about this. (4)以often, so +形容词或副词开头的句子,如, So heavy is the box that he cannot carry it. (5)用于省略if的虚拟条件句中,将had, were, should提前,如: Were I you, I wouldn't do that. Had he come, we would have won. (6)用于某些表示祝愿的句中,如, May you be happy for ever. II.例题 例1、Not only ____ this machine but ____ it. A. can he run……can he repair B. can he run……he can repair C. he can run……he can repair D. he can run……can he repair 解析:该题答案为B,在not only……but (also)句型中,只有but前面的部分倒装,but后面仍是正常语序。 例2、____, it is quite easy to drill a hole in it with laser(激光). A. Hard although the diamond B. Hard as the diamond is C. As the diamond is hard D. Has hard is the diamond 解析:该题答案为B,在让步状语从句中,从属连词as可以表示though,但要用倒装语序。 例3、Only in this way ____ to improve the situation there. A. can you hope B. you can hope C. hope can D. you hope 解析:该题答案为A, only和它所修饰的状语一起置于句首时,须用倒装。
动词的 -ing形式 作主语 动词的 -ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词原形加 -ing构成,包括 -ing分词和 -ing动名词。可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。 1.一般形式 Seeing is believing. 眼见为信。 Coming to hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 2.通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长,用it作形式主语。如: It‘s nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It‘s no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 3.“there + be + no + -ing”结构,此结构的意义相当于“it‘s impossible + 不定式”。如: There is no harm in doing so. 这样做没有害处。 作表语 动词 -ing可用来作表语。如: This food smells inviting. 这种食物香味怡人。 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 Their job is cleaning the window. 他们的工作是打扫窗子。 作宾语 1.动词-ing形式可以用作动词、短语动词和介词的宾语。 I warned her against driving fast. Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 2.有些动词和动词短语后接作宾语的非限定性动词时只能是-ing分词,常见的这类动词有:admit, acknowledge, advise, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, excuse, escape, fancy, finish, forgive, face, endure, involve, give up, imagine, mention, mind, miss, pardon, practise, require, resent, resist, suggest, recall, resist, understand等。 The doctor advised taking more exercise. 医生建议多锻炼。 I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用不同的方法做。 3.大部分“动词+介词”短语动词,只能后接动词-ing作宾语。这些动词短语有:think of, give up, aim at, put off, insist on, persist in, be good at, do well in, can‘t help, keep on, leave off, feel like, be tired (afraid, capable, fond) of, set about等。 以下为to作介词的短语有:be used to, object to, devote oneself to, stick to, respond to, look forward to, see to, submit to, adapt to, apply to, accede to, get to, prefer to, adjust to, owe to, react to等。 Do you feel like having a drink? 你想喝点饮料吗? I prefer swimming to playing basketball. 我喜欢游泳胜于打篮球。 4.有些动词既可能带-ing分词作宾语,也可以带to不定式作宾语,但在语义上却有很 大的差别。如: ⑴chance to do 碰巧去做某事 chance doing 冒险试一试做某事 ⑵forget to do 忘记要去做某事
18种特殊的反意疑问句 1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句,用will you 多表示“请求”,用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如: Look at the blackboard, will you/won't you? 看黑板,好吗? Let引导的祈使句有两种情况: 1)Let's…,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如: Let's go home, shall we/shan't we? 回家吧,好吗? 还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。 2)Let us/me…后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如: Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试,行吗? 2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如: What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊,是吧? 3.当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to,且这些词被用作实义动词时,其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。例如: He needs help, doesn't he?他需要帮助,是吗? 4.陈述部分主、谓语是I am…时,反意疑问句用aren't I 或ain't I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如: I'm working now, ain't I? 我在工作,是吗? 5.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如: Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了,是吧? 6.陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如: Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了,是吗? No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事,对吗? 7.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时,反意疑问句的主语用it,当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时,其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如: This is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机,是吗? These are grapes,aren't they? 这些是葡萄,是吗? 8.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时,反意疑问句的主语可以用one,也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如: One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每个人都应该乐于助人,是吧? 9.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。 例如: He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到,是吗? 10.当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的,其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如: It is unfair, isn't it? 这不公平,是?在陈述部分作动词的宾语时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构,也可以用否定结构。例如: You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到,是吗? 12.当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如: What you need is more important, isn't it?你需要的东西更重要,是吧? 13.当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose…) that… 结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如: I don't think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来,对吗? 14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如: They had a meeting just now,didn't they? 他们刚才开了个会,是吗? 15.陈述部分有have to 时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如: You have to water the vegetablesevery day, don't you? 你每天都要浇菜,对吧? 16.陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用there。例如: There was a hospital here, wasn't there? 过去这儿有家医院,是吗? 17.陈述部分有had better时,反意疑问句中要用hadn't。例如: We had better go to school at once, hadn't we? 我们现在最好马上去上学,好吗? 18.当陈述部分含有情态动词must时,我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定;要;必须”讲,反意疑问句须用mustn't或needn't;而当must作推测意义“一定是;必定”讲时,反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如: He must work hard at physics, mustn't he? 他必须努力学物理,是吧? Tom must be at home,isn't he? 汤姆一定在家,是吧?