The First Navy Law had a definite cost limitation. The Second Navy Law, however, left the financial appropriations to the Reichstag's annual approval.
第一部舰队法(1898年舰队法),对造舰金额的上限做出了规定。但第二部舰队法(1900年舰队法)则改变了这个做法,议会每年都需对造舰预算进行批准。
As Tirpitz himself admitted: The Reichstag's right of annual approval was fiscally an open hand. But the Reichstag bound itself morally much more strongly than through any financial limitation. For it had through law bound itself to a certain building program. If now the ships became bigger and costlier, then the Reichstag, which by virtue of the law had to approve the ships, could...never assume the responsibility for making the legally stipulated ships come out small and bad because of inadequate appropriations.
提尔皮茨认为,议会保留了预算批准权,相当于在财政上留了一手。但议会所需面对的,并不仅仅是财政问题,因为造舰项目本身,是得到法律保障的。即便军舰的吨位和造价不断上涨,议会也不得不批准这些军舰的造舰预算,如果海军因为财政上的限制,不得不建造吨位较小、战力较弱的军舰的话,那么这个责任可不是议会能够承担得起的。
The financial issue, however, was a coin with two sides: if the Reichstag found it difficult to refuse appropriations for the more expensive ships, Tirpitz found it more difficult because of greater cost to request ships necessary for his final aim that were not provided by the valid fleet laws. He therefore also continued to economize in requesting smaller ships with lighter guns, in avoiding innovations, and thus exposing himself to the charge from his contemporary and future critics of inadequately preparing for the showdown with Britain.
但是,财政问题本身是一柄双刃剑。一方面,在面对军舰预算上涨的情况时,议会难以行使否决权;另一方面,由于提尔皮茨希望通过舰队法的修正案,进一步扩大舰队的规模,因此他在与议会较量时,也不能表现得肆无忌惮。在此情况下,他不得不对设计部门做出了一系列的要求,如压低军舰的吨位、使用较小口径的火炮、以及避免技术和设计创新,来限制单舰的造价。自然的,他也为此遭受了不少批评,指责他未能做好充分的准备。
——Ivo Nikolai Lambi, The Navy and German Power Politics, 1862-1914, P.150
第一部舰队法(1898年舰队法),对造舰金额的上限做出了规定。但第二部舰队法(1900年舰队法)则改变了这个做法,议会每年都需对造舰预算进行批准。
As Tirpitz himself admitted: The Reichstag's right of annual approval was fiscally an open hand. But the Reichstag bound itself morally much more strongly than through any financial limitation. For it had through law bound itself to a certain building program. If now the ships became bigger and costlier, then the Reichstag, which by virtue of the law had to approve the ships, could...never assume the responsibility for making the legally stipulated ships come out small and bad because of inadequate appropriations.
提尔皮茨认为,议会保留了预算批准权,相当于在财政上留了一手。但议会所需面对的,并不仅仅是财政问题,因为造舰项目本身,是得到法律保障的。即便军舰的吨位和造价不断上涨,议会也不得不批准这些军舰的造舰预算,如果海军因为财政上的限制,不得不建造吨位较小、战力较弱的军舰的话,那么这个责任可不是议会能够承担得起的。
The financial issue, however, was a coin with two sides: if the Reichstag found it difficult to refuse appropriations for the more expensive ships, Tirpitz found it more difficult because of greater cost to request ships necessary for his final aim that were not provided by the valid fleet laws. He therefore also continued to economize in requesting smaller ships with lighter guns, in avoiding innovations, and thus exposing himself to the charge from his contemporary and future critics of inadequately preparing for the showdown with Britain.
但是,财政问题本身是一柄双刃剑。一方面,在面对军舰预算上涨的情况时,议会难以行使否决权;另一方面,由于提尔皮茨希望通过舰队法的修正案,进一步扩大舰队的规模,因此他在与议会较量时,也不能表现得肆无忌惮。在此情况下,他不得不对设计部门做出了一系列的要求,如压低军舰的吨位、使用较小口径的火炮、以及避免技术和设计创新,来限制单舰的造价。自然的,他也为此遭受了不少批评,指责他未能做好充分的准备。
——Ivo Nikolai Lambi, The Navy and German Power Politics, 1862-1914, P.150